Regulatory Process Updated January 14, 2026

What is a Clinical Hold?

A clinical hold is an FDA order to suspend or delay a clinical trial due to safety concerns. Learn about clinical hold types and resolution process.

Definition

Clinical Hold is an FDA order directing a sponsor to delay a proposed clinical investigation or suspend an ongoing study. Clinical holds are imposed when FDA identifies concerns that must be resolved before trials can proceed safely.

How Clinical Holds Work

FDA issues clinical holds through formal communication specifying the deficiencies. Sponsors cannot enroll new patients or dose existing patients (unless continuation is safer) until the hold is lifted.

Clinical Hold Types

TypeTimingEffect
Full HoldProposed or ongoing trialAll clinical activities stopped
Partial HoldOngoing trialSpecific aspects suspended

Common Reasons for Clinical Holds

  1. Safety Concerns: Serious adverse events or toxicity signals
  2. Manufacturing Issues: CMC deficiencies or contamination
  3. Protocol Problems: Inadequate patient protections or design flaws
  4. Data Integrity: GCP violations or fraudulent data
  5. Preclinical Gaps: Insufficient animal study support

Why BD Teams Track Clinical Holds

For business development professionals, clinical holds are critical risk factors:

  • Deal Implication: Active holds significantly impact asset valuation and timelines
  • Due Diligence Focus: Review clinical hold history and resolution strategies
  • Opportunity Signal: Assets recovering from holds may be available at discount

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a clinical hold?

A clinical hold is an FDA order to a sponsor to delay a proposed trial or suspend an ongoing trial due to safety or other concerns.

What triggers a clinical hold?

Common triggers include safety signals, manufacturing issues, protocol deficiencies, inadequate informed consent, or GCP violations.

How long do clinical holds last?

There is no set duration. Holds continue until the sponsor addresses FDA's concerns and FDA lifts the hold, which can take weeks to years.

Can a company appeal a clinical hold?

Sponsors can request a clinical hold dispute resolution meeting with FDA if they disagree with the hold decision.

What is a partial clinical hold?

A partial hold allows some parts of the trial to continue while suspending specific aspects, such as certain dose levels or patient populations.

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