Regulatory Process Updated January 14, 2026

What is REMS?

REMS is an FDA-required safety program ensuring a drug's benefits outweigh its risks. Learn about REMS elements and implementation requirements.

Definition

REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy) is an FDA-required drug safety program designed to manage known or potential serious risks associated with a drug while preserving patient access. REMS programs can range from simple patient information to complex distribution restrictions.

How REMS Works

FDA requires REMS when it determines that standard labeling is insufficient to ensure a drug’s benefits outweigh its risks. The program elements depend on the specific risk being managed.

REMS Elements

ElementDescriptionExample
Medication GuidePatient information sheetDispensed with each prescription
Communication PlanHCP education materialsDear Doctor letters, training
ETASUSafe use requirementsPrescriber certification, registries
Implementation SystemOperational infrastructureCertified pharmacies, monitoring

Common REMS Requirements

  1. Prescriber Certification: Must complete training to prescribe
  2. Patient Enrollment: Register in safety database
  3. Pharmacy Certification: Only certified pharmacies can dispense
  4. Laboratory Monitoring: Required tests before/during treatment
  5. Limited Distribution: Restricted supply chain

Why BD Teams Track REMS

For business development professionals, REMS affects commercialization:

  • Deal Implication: REMS adds operational complexity and cost to commercialization
  • Due Diligence Focus: Evaluate REMS burden and shared system availability
  • Opportunity Signal: Single shared REMS can be barrier to generic entry

Frequently Asked Questions

What is REMS?

REMS is a drug safety program required by FDA to manage known or potential serious risks associated with a drug, ensuring benefits outweigh risks.

What elements can a REMS include?

REMS can include medication guides, communication plans, elements to assure safe use (ETASU), and implementation system requirements.

What is ETASU?

Elements to Assure Safe Use are restrictions like prescriber certification, patient registries, or dispensing only through certified pharmacies.

Who must comply with REMS?

Depending on the REMS, manufacturers, distributors, prescribers, pharmacies, and patients may all have compliance requirements.

Can generics share a REMS?

Yes, FDA encourages shared REMS between brand and generic manufacturers to ensure consistent safety management.

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